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CONTENIDO:Contexto:Inversión I+D en agrícola (fitomejoramiento). -- I+D en el sector público - fitomejoramiento. -- Asociaciones público-privadas (PPP). -- Mejoramiento genético en INIA. -- Red Nacional de Biotecnología Agrícola. -- Las plataformas. -- Líneas de investigación desarrolladas - Edición génica (CRISPR/Cas9). -- FONTAGRO. Edición génica para mejoramiento en especies vegetales y animales. --

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Soybean is a major commodity crop in Uruguay, and genetic diversity is essential for crop breeding programs to achieve genetic gain, adaptation, and stability. In this study, the genetic diversity and population structure of a soybean diversity panel from China were characterized by the Soybean Breeding Program of the National Institute of Agricultural Research of Uruguay (ISBP) in order to assess its potential for use in the program.

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Soybean grain quality with high protein and oil content is in high demand by domestic and international markets. The National Agricultural Research Institute of Uruguay (INIA) soybean breeding program aims to develop varieties that can meet those requirements.

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Soybean is the most important crop in Uruguay. Stem canker caused by Diaporthe caulivora is one of the most yield limiting diseases, causing up to 24% yield losses.

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Red-banded stink bug Piezodorus guildinii (P. guildinii) has been described as the most damaging stink bug regarding soybean crops, leading to seed injury, low germination percentages and foliar retention, even at low population densities. In this work the first P. guildinii transcriptome from a pool of all developmental stages was assembled, annotated and RNAi components were analyzed.

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ABSTRACT.- Paspalum notatum Flüggé is a subtropical grass native from the Americas and one of the main components of the subtropical South American grasslands. Although P. notatum exhibits a high forage productivity and persistence, some limitations are observed in the species, such as forage quality due to high lignin content. The development of efficient tissue culture and plant transformation protocols in cultivars for forage production are necessary to embrace novel genetic improvement through transgenesis and genome editing. Efficient regeneration and transformation systems for many plant species can be hampered by genotype dependency, which can only be determined through extensive laboratory testing and evaluation. In this study, various factors extracted from protocols have been evaluated to establish efficient somatic embryogenesis, plant regeneration, and genetic transformation in apomictic initial variety INIA Sepé. Optimal somatic embryogenesis and regeneration from explant sources, such as mature seeds and meristematic tissue derived from in vitro propagated tillers, ranged between 79 and 88%. Microprojectile bombardment of two plasmids encoding a constitutively regulated reporter gene and nptII selectable marker expression constructs showed an average transformation efficiency of 10.3% from meristematic tissue as an explant source. Furthermore, the constitutive promoters, 35S and ZmUbi, were tested in GFP transient expression assays to evaluate optimal cassettes for transgene(s) expression. Translation of a wheat codon-optimized Cas9 sequence using Cas9:2A:tuGFP fusion protein was also tested in protoplasts. The information generated on promoter activity and Cas9 translation, and the establishment of an efficient transformation system, provided useful tools for future work in genetic engineering and genome editing in P. notatum cv. INIA Sepé. © The Society for In Vitro Biology 2024.

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La viticultura convencional conlleva un alto uso de insumos que impactan negativamente sobre los servicios ecosistémicos y la biodiversidad del agroecosistema. En Uruguay, la viticultura se realiza principalmente sin riego y con aplicación de herbicidas en la fila para regular la competencia por agua y nutrientes.

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La publicación editada por Fagro - Udelar e I INIA cuenta con más de 25 años de trayectoria, reflejados en un proceso de mejora continua. En este artículo se sintetizan los principales hitos desde su fundación y aquellos más significativos en la etapa más reciente, aspectos que la han consolidado como una referencia nacional e internacional en ciencia aplicada al sector agropecuario. La historia de Agrociencia Uruguay comienza en 1997 con la publicación de su primer número. Los invitamos a visitar la revista en nuestra página:https://agrocienciauruguay.uy