ABSTRACT.- Random regression models (RRM) combined with single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (ssGBLUP) are widely used for genomic evaluations in dairy cattle. This study aimed to efficiently implement RRM with ssGBLUP for national dairy cattle evaluations. Data from the Czech Holstein population were used, including 30 million test-day records for milk yield across 3 lactations. The pedigree included 2.5 million animals, of which 54,000 were genotyped.

ABSTRACT.- Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deficiencies commonly limit plant growth in agroecosystems. While critical N concentration dilution curves (Nc) are widely used to assess N status in crops and pastures, it remains unclear whether P deficiency alters Nc values. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of P deficiency on Nc. For this, a factorial combination of several N and P fertilization rates was applied in eight field experiments, carried out during winter and spring, across Uruguay and Argentina, on annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) and perennial tall fescue (L.

ABSTRACT.- Remote sensing tools have been proposed to assist with rice crop monitoring but have been developed and validated on ponded rice. © 2025 by the authors.

ABSTRACT.- Hylurgus ligniperda (F.) is a highly successful invader among bark beetles (Scolytinae) and forest insects in general. Native to the western Palearctic region, it has become established in every continent where its host plants (Pinus spp.) occur. Especially in southern hemisphere regions with large pine plantations, it is often highly abundant.

ABSTRACT.- Drivers of evolution of crop pathogens leading to novel diversity and long-distance dispersal (LLD) may have strong implications on food security and sustainable plant disease control at global scales. However, consolidated evidence is often lacking due to absence of regular pathogen surveys beyond national capacities. Our study documents world-wide connectivity between populations of Puccinia striiformis, causing yellow rust on cereals and grasses.

ABSTRACT.- Understanding key animal performance and nuisance factors associated with methane (CH4) output and feed intake is crucial in developing greenhouse gas mitigation strategies and incorporating these traits into international sheep breeding goals. The objectives of the current study were to: 1) investigate animal and nuisance (environmental + management) factors associated with CH4 output and feed intake; and 2) determine relationships between CH4 output and feed efficiency in sheep and whether or not they differ by country.

ABSTRACT.- The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of beak trimming-using a hot blade or infrared radiation-on mortality, egg production, feather pecking, and corticosterone levels in laying hens, using systematic review-meta-analysis (SR-MA) methodology. A total of 1775 citations were identified. The number of birds evaluated was 76 for corticosterone, 6172 for mortality, and 5460 for egg production. Twenty-three articles were assessed, with 13 included in the quantitative synthesis.

ABSTRACT.- Plant architecture is a major factor affecting crop management and yield. The erect leaf phenotype is a key trait for improving light capture, reducing water loss, optimizing space utilization, and facilitating the chemical and biological control of arthropods and pathogens, especially those infesting/infecting abaxial leaf surfaces. This phenotype has been associated with Tiller Angle Control 1 (TAC1)-like genes across many herbaceous and tree species.

ABSTRACT.- Background: Winter dysentery (WD) is an acute diarrheal disease of adult cattle with a significant impact on milk production. Although bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is usually considered the primary etiological agent, other viruses may contribute to the disease. In this study, we investigated a WD outbreak in a bovine
dairy herd in Uruguay through shotgun metagenomic sequencing and molecular virology techniques.

ABSTRACT.- The black-tufted marmoset (Callithrix penicillata), commonly found in urban areas of Central Brazil, is vulnerable to pathogen spillover from domestic animals and humans. Here, we report an outbreak of natural canine distemper virus (CDV) infection among urbanized free-ranging black-tufted marmosets. Five fatalities occurred in marmosets living in a neighborhood with unvaccinated dogs. Clinically, affected marmosets had lethargy, ataxia, mucocutaneous ulcerations, and crusting lesions.