Final Comments:
- Genetics: improvement (yield, oil). - Diseases: low incidence of Phoma lingam.
- Low shattering: direct harvest. - Meal: it can be used for animals in mixtures. - Plague birds:- not a problem.
- Brassicas: Carinata and Canola should complement wheat and barley area for a sustainable rotation in agriculture.

ABSTRACT.- Pears are widely cultivated in the world. Uruguayan production covers 628 ha. Practically, in its entirety, European-type pear trees (Pyrus communis L.) are grown, and the most planted cultivar is Williams. Most of the orchards in Uruguay are managed without the use of pollinating cultivars. Pear production in recent years has not been stable, with the lack of pollinators one of the main factors that could be influencing this.

En esta presentación el Ing. Agr. Santiago Luzardo de INIA destacó los resultados de la investigación relativa a parámetros de calidad de carne, rendimiento de cortes y carcasa vinculadas a la selección de animales con mejor eficiencia de conversión animal. -- CONTENIDO: Antecedentes. - Faenas 2022 y 2023. - Calidad de la canal. - Rendimiento de cortes. - Calidad de la carne. - Pérfil de ácidos grasos. - Consideraciones finales.

Improving feed efficiency is a key factor in livestock systems to reduce feeding costs and enhance profitability [1], and it is also associated with beef production sustainability. Residual feed intake (RFI) is one of the methodologies for calculating feed efficiency of growing beef cattle, which is a moderately heritable characteristic enabling genetic improvement through selection [2]. However, literature is not entirely conclusive about the effect of RFI genetic selection on beef quality.

The first Uruguayan Beef Quality Audit (UBQA) was conducted in 2002, in a joint project among Colorado State University, INAC e INIA and was an important benchmark to identify what the beef industry was producing, measuring and reporting on cattle and carcass traits. Seven National Beef Quality Audits (NBQA) were conducted in the U.S. (1991, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2011, 2016 and 2022), and four in Uruguay (UBQA 2002, 2007, 2013 and 2022). Many of the UBQA findings were used as training practices for producer and packers related to animal handling.

Aging is a post-mortem practice for beef tenderization and flavor improvement. Wet and dry aging are the most common processes to age beef. Dry aging in a highly moisture-permeable bag has been widely used in the last decades, producing dry-aged products mainly to reduce microbial

En el marco del Sistema Forestal de INIA, estamos llevando a cabo el proyecto GEOroots, donde empleamos la tecnología del georradar de penetración de suelo (GPR en inglés) para investigar los sistemas radiculares de Eucaliptos. Mediante la emisión de pulsos electromagnéticos de alta frecuencia en el subsuelo y el análisis de las señales reflejadas, el GPR permite obtener imágenes detalladas de la distribución espacial de las raíces.

Por cuarto año consecutivo, la Unidad de Economía Aplicada y la Dirección del Sistema Agrícola Ganadero de INIA trabajaron junto con la Mesa Tecnológica de Oleaginosos en la recopilación y procesamiento de información del sector, para actualizar el Observatorio de Oleaginosos del Uruguay. Luego de dos zafras contrastantes, la variabilidad de los rendimientos de soja y la escasa competitividad de la colza se presentan como importantes desafíos para el complejo oleaginoso y para la sostenibilidad de la producción agrícola en su conjunto.