RESUMEN La micropropagación mediante cultivo in vitro de plantas permite la producción a gran escala de individuos genéticamente idénticos al material de partida. Las especies leñosas tienen dificultades en la etapa de aclimatación por la lentitud que presentan en el desarrollo de respuestas fisiológicas y morfológicas a los cambios de ambiente. El éxito final de la propagación in vitro depende de la capacidad de transferencia de las plantas desde el laboratorio a las condiciones de invernáculo.

ABSTRACT. The pomegranate (Punica granatum) was presumably introduced in Uruguay by Spanish immigrants during the XVIII century. The type of pomegranate introduced was ?Mollar?, with yellow rind, pink and sweet arils with medium hard seeds being used mainly for self-consumption. The need of new alternatives in fruit growing has promoted new developments with this crop.

ABSTRACT. The pomegranate (Punica granatum) was presumably introduced in Uruguay by Spanish immigrants during the XVIII century. The type of pomegranate introduced was ?Mollar?, with yellow rind, pink and sweet arils with medium hard seeds being used mainly for self-consumption. The need of new alternatives in fruit growing has promoted new developments with this crop.

Rice breeding has made important contributions to Latin America. More than 400 cultivars were released from 1975 to 2012, which helped to raise total production to >27 million tonnes obtained from 5.7 million hectares (average for 2010?2012). Rice production provides ∼US$8.8 billion for thousands of farmers in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The result of higher yields in the irrigated sector was to triple rice production in LAC while area did not grow, thus preserving more fragile environments. Several estimates on genetic gains for grain yield have been carried out in LAC.

Aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) changes in response to temporal fluctuations in weather (Polley et al.2013) and soil nutrients (Harpole et al 2011). ANPP variations could potentially affect every ecosystem processes, thus detect changes in ANPP temporal stability has great importance in the design of strategies for grassland management and conservation. The whole research on grasslands ANPP stability has been focused on year-to-year basis, however test the seasonal stability could be very relevant for forage budget and the provision of ecosystem services.

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar las potencialidades de los ROH aplicados al estudio de razas ovinas comerciales y Criollos.