El proyecto del Fondo de Promoción de Tecnologías Agropecuarias FPTA 344:"Introducción de agentes de control biológico y nuevas técnicas en el manejo integrado en horticultura", ejecutado en el período 2017-2021, tuvo como objetivo alcanzar una transformación en el manejo integrado de plagas y enfermedades en la horticultura de la región sur, a través de la incorporación de agentes de control biológico y otras herramientas alternativas al control químico.

ABSTRACT.- Flower induction and differentiation are complex phenomenon not fully understood in pear trees. Paclobutrazol (Pbz), Ethephon (Eth), and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) exogenous applications could be potential tools to increase return bloom and yield, and to manage the alternate bearing in some pear cultivars. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of Eth, Pbz, and NAA on return bloom and yield of 'Rocha' pear trees in different climatic conditions of Southern Brazil.

ABSTRACT.- Fruit set of some apple cultivars is low despite abundant flowering. This could be, among other things, due to ethylene production of the flowers and or short ovule longevity. 'Minneiska' apple has been notable for its low productivity if not managed adequately. To better understand the cause of the low fruit set presented by this cultivar, a series of trials evaluating ethylene evolution and fruit set were conducted from 2017 to 2019. Flowers/fruitlets of different apple cultivars showed a distinct pattern in ethylene evolution.

ABSTRACT.- 'GVU Yvyrá' is a new apple cultivar developed and released by "Grupo Viveros del Uruguay". Trees are rustic, vigorous, with good branch growth behavior, and presenting a low chill requirement. It presents early flowering, starting around September 1st, and its harvest begins before January 15th (in southern Uruguay). Large to very large fruits, with cone shape, approximately 90% red-brown blush and sweet, yellow colored flesh, and a good cold storage potential.

ABSTRACT.- Three major ontogenetic processes are distinguished in pome trees:flower induction, initiation, and differentiation and after that anthesis. Flower initiation is an irreversible process marked by histological changes and intensive mitotic activity. The formation of an apical dome is the first visible signal of floral initiation.

Contenido. Síntesis de la Situación Agroclimática de Octubre-- Perspectivas Climáticas Trimestrales elaboradas por el IRI de la Universidad de Columbia (Más información puede encontrarse en el sitio del IRI:http://www.iri.columbia.edu) -- Índice de Vegetación (NDVI) -- Precipitaciones -- Porcentaje de Agua Disponible (PAD) -- Agua No Retenida (ANR) -- Índice de Bienestar Hídrico (IBH) -- Perspectivas Climáticas Nov-Dic-Ene elaboradas por el IRI de la Universidad de Columbia. Destacamos para este mes:Pronóstico de DON en trigo.

ABSTRACT.- Yield and fruit quality are two of the most important parameters for the profitability of vegetable crops. In commercial vegetable production, nitrogen (N) is commonly applied in excess, which is associated with nitrate (NO3−) leaching loss. In addition, excess N application may affect yield and fruit quality.