Each of these disciplines has developed numerous process?based and empirical models for AWM. However, models that simulate all major hydrologic, water quality, and crop growth processes in agricultural systems are still lacking. As computers become more powerful, more researchers are choosing to integrate existing models to account for these major processes rather than building new cross?disciplinary models. Model integration carries the hope that, as in a real system, the sum of the model will be greater than the parts.

Each of these disciplines has developed numerous process?based and empirical models for AWM. However, models that simulate all major hydrologic, water quality, and crop growth processes in agricultural systems are still lacking. As computers become more powerful, more researchers are choosing to integrate existing models to account for these major processes rather than building new cross?disciplinary models. Model integration carries the hope that, as in a real system, the sum of the model will be greater than the parts.

ABSTRACT. Agricultural intensification in Latin America has led to accelerated soil erosion, water pollution and food with pesticide residues, which are all signs of unsustainable development. In Uruguay, agricultural intensification with continuous cropping has threatened the country?s primary natural resource:its soil. At the same time, incentives for further intensification and specialization are high, since particularly soybeans have offered the highest (short-term) economic margins.

ABSTRACT. Agricultural intensification in Latin America has led to accelerated soil erosion, water pollution and food with pesticide residues, which are all signs of unsustainable development. In Uruguay, agricultural intensification with continuous cropping has threatened the country?s primary natural resource: its soil. At the same time, incentives for further intensification and specialization are high, since particularly soybeans have offered the highest (short-term) economic margins.

Abstract: Sustainable rice production systems are key to food security. Diversified farming systems are essential for ecological intensification and environmental enhancement. Energy use efficiency is one of the main sustainability indicators in agroecosystems. Thus, an assessment of consumption and efficiency of energy in contrasting cropping systems can discriminate their management practices and components sustainability.

Sustainable rice production systems are key to food security. Diversified farming systems are essential for ecological intensification and environmental enhancement. Energy use efficiency is one of the main sustainability indicators in agroecosystems.

Conservative biological control promotes the use of native natural enemies to limit the size and growth of pest populations. Although spiders constitute one of the most important groups of native predators in several crops, their trophic ecology remains largely unknown, especially for several generalist taxa. In laboratory, we assessed the predatory behaviour of a wandering spider (the wolf spider Lycosa thorelli (Keyserling, 1877) against several arthropods varying in size and trophic positions, all found in South American soybean and rice crops.

Conservative biological control promotes the use of native natural enemies to limit the size and growth of pest populations. Although spiders constitute one of the most important groups of native predators in several crops, their trophic ecology remains largely unknown, especially for several generalist taxa. In laboratory, we assessed the predatory behaviour of a wandering spider (the wolf spider Lycosa thorelli (Keyserling, 1877) against several arthropods varying in size and trophic positions, all found in South American soybean and rice crops.

Controlling spatial variation in agricultural field trials is the most important step to compare treatments efficiently and accurately. Spatial variability can be controlled at the experimental design level with the assignment of treatments to experimental units and at the modeling level with the use of spatial corrections and other modeling strategies. The goal of this study was to compare the efficiency of methods used to control spatial variation in a wide range of scenarios using a simulation approach based on real wheat data.

Cow calf operation in Argentina are managed under extensive grazing condition and the quality of forages is often poor during second half of gestation. Protein restriction in bovine gestation affects production traits in progeny. The present work investigated the effects of two levels of crude protein (CP) provided to mature dams during late gestation on subsequent heifer?s growth postweaning, reproductive performance, milk production and grand offspring evolution.