Resumo: Na cadeia produtiva de bovinos de corte é reconhecida a importância do comportamento materno para a sobrevivência e o desenvolvimento do bezerro recém-nascido. Neste caso, o sucesso da atividade depende de alguns componentes do comportamento materno, dentre eles as relações estabelecidas entre a vaca e o bezerro nas primeiras horas após o parto, a aquisição de imunidade pela ingestão do colostro, o suprimento adequado de leite e a proteção ativa da cria contra eventuais predadores.

ABSTRACT. Oxidative stress occurs when oxidant production exceeds the antioxidant capacity to detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage. Feed efficiency has been associated with mitochondrial function due to its impact on cell energy metabolism. However, mitochondria are also recognized as a major source of oxidants. The aim of this study was to determine lipid and protein oxidative stress markers, and gene and protein expression as well as activity of antioxidant enzymes in the liver of steers of divergent residual feed intake (RFI) phenotypes.

ABSTRACT. The importance of secondary metabolites (SM) in plant defense mechanisms against environmental stresses as well as their benefits in human health have led to the study of how pre-harvest factors enhance their biosynthesis in fruits and vegetables. Plant secondary metabolites are regulated by signal transduction pathways that can be triggered and regulated by abiotic and biotic stress factors, e.g. the wounding produced by chewing insects induce changes in plant secondary metabolism rate.

ABSTRACT. The study aimed to evaluate the histopathological characteristics of renal lesions in chronically infected sheep and with low titers of anti-Leptospira antibodies from a slaughterhouse. In the serological analysis, 24.74% (48/194) presented seroreactivity with a titer equal to or greater than 100. Among these seroreactive sheep, titers of 100 were predominant (58.33%, 28/48), with the highest titer being 1,600 (2.08%, 1/48). Serogroup Sejroe (sv. Hardjo) was the most frequent at 35.42% (17/48).

Abstract: An outbreak of systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology was diagnosed in a dairy herd from Argentina. Eleven out of 211 cows manifested hyperthermia, depression, alopecia, pruritus, decreased milk production and death in most cases. During necropsy, multifocal petechial hemorrhages in glottis and vulva, white multifocal nodules in the liver and splenomegaly with subcapsular petechial hemorrhages were observed. Both kidneys were diffuse pale and enlarged. Systemic granulomatous hepatitis, myocarditis, pancreatitis and nephritis were observed.

Abstract:To evaluate the reproductive effects of a short-term dietary protein supplementation (Days -10 to -3) before timed AI (TAI = Day 0), 471 Merino ewes grazing native pastures were estrous-synchronized when there were either long intervals between prostaglandin administrations (two prostaglandin injections 15 or 16 d apart; PG15 and PG16, respectively) or with a progesterone-eCG (P4-eCG) protocol, resulting in a 3 × 2 experimental design. Ovulation rate on Day 8 (OR), non-estrous-return to Day 21 (NRR21), and fertility, prolificacy and fecundity on Day 70 were evaluated.

Traditional rice irrigation systems in Uruguay are fully irrigated and early continuously flooded irrigation accounts for a high volume of water used. The purpose of this study was to determine irrigation techniques that increase irrigation water productivity (WPi) allowing a reduction in water input without negatively affecting grain yield in Uruguay. Ten experiments were conducted over a six-year period from 2009 to 2015, in three experimental units located among the major rice growing regions.

ABSTRACT. This study reports the combination of multivariate techniques and pollen count analysis to classify honey samples accordingly to botanical sources, in samples from Uruguay. Honey samples from different botanical origins, namely Eucalyptus spp. (n = 10), Lotus spp. (n = 12), Salix spp. (n = 5), “mil flores” (Myrtaceae spp.) (n = 12) and coronilla (Scutia buxifolia Reissek) (n = 10) were analysed using Melissopalynology (pollen identification).

Abstract:Astrovirus species members of the Mamastrovirus genus (family Astroviridae) have been increasingly recognized as neuroinvasive pathogens in various mammals, including humans, mink, cattle, sheep, and pigs. While cases of astrovirus-associated encephalitis have been reported in North America, Europe, and Asia, their presence has never been documented in the Southern hemisphere.

The practice of inoculating forage legumes with rhizobia strains is widespread. It is assumed that the inoculated strain determines the performance of the symbiosis and nitrogen fixation rates. However, native-naturalized strains can be competitive, and actual nodule occupancy is often scarcely investigated. In consequence, failures in establishment, and low productivity attributed to poor performance of the inoculant may merely reflect the absence of the inoculated strain in the nodules. This study lays out a strategy followed for selecting a Rhizobium leguminosarum sv.