Memoria anual INIA 2024.

ABSTRACT.- Ovarian tissue transplantation (OTT) has been suggested as an alternative to preserving female fertility in livestock species, as currently performed in women. The OTT technique has been tested as xenografting or autografting in different body sites and animal species. Currently, there are no reports available regarding the autotransplantation of ovarian tissue using the bovine model and also testing the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on graft survival.
ABSTRACT.- Rice is an important crop in Uruguay associated mostly with livestock production in a rice and pasture rotation system since the 1920s. However, in recent years there has been interest in intensifying the production in some of these systems to satisfy market demands and increase income. Intensification occurs by augmenting the rice frequency in the rotation, including new crops like sorghum and soybean, or shortening the pasture phase.
ABSTRACT.- Tuberculosis is a global public health concern, and understanding Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission routes and genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis is crucial for outbreak control. This study aimed to explore the genomic epidemiology and genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis in Ecuador by analyzing 88 local isolates and 415 public genomes from 19 countries within the Euro-American lineage (L4).
ABSTRACT.- The international spread of the myrtle rust pathogen, Austropuccinia psidii, can be largely attributed to the "pandemic" biotype that has more than 450 host species. However, within South America, the putative native range of A. psidii, multiple biotypes have been characterised, each with a restricted known number of hosts. These biotypes may pose a significant biosecurity threat to countries already affected by the pandemic biotype.
RESUMEN.- En el año 2018 comenzó el proyecto regional latinoamericano "Nuevas tecnologías para el aumento de la eficiencia del uso del agua en la agricultura ALC al 2030 PLAS-ALC", liderado por INIA Chile. Para su desarrollo, se conformó un grupo de investigadores y técnicos referentes en riego de INTA Argentina, INIA Chile, AGROSAVIA de Colombia e INIA Uruguay, con el apoyo de investigadores de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), España.
CONTENIDO: Fertirriego. -- Estimación de la necesidad de riego. -- Estimación de las necesidades de fertilización. -- Modelos de simulación y DSS para el diseño de planes de fertirrigación. -- Manejo del riego con tensiómetros. -- Monitoreo de nutrientes en la solución de suelo. -- Monitoreo de nutrientes en el suelo por el método de dilución 1:2. -- Análisis de savia para la determinación rápida del nivel de nutrientes. -- Manejo del lavado de nitrógeno y la acumulación de sodio en cultivos bajo invernáculo.
ABSTRACT.- Early detection and monitoring of invasive forest pests are crucial for effective pest management, particularly in preventing large-scale damage, reducing eradication costs, and improving overall control effectiveness. This study investigates the potential of machine learning models and remote sensing at various spatiotemporal scales to assess forest damage caused by the woodwasp Sirex noctilio in pine plantations. A Random Forest (RF) model was applied to analyze Planetscope satellite images of Sirex-affected areas in Neuquén, Argentina.