ABSTRACT.- Temperature is a major effect variable on the speed and types of physical, chemical and biochemical reactions that occur in soils. © Copyright 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

ABSTRACT.- Background: Single-step genomic BLUP (ssGBLUP) has gained increasing interest from forest tree breeders. ssGBLUP combines phenotypic and pedigree data with marker data to enhance the prediction accuracy of estimated breeding values. However, potential errors in determining progeny relationships among open-pollinated species may result in lower accuracy of estimated breeding values. Unknown parent groups (UPG) and metafounders (MF) were developed to address missing pedigrees in a population.

ABSTRACT.- The use of alternative waste products as organic soil amendments has become increasingly important for researchers and the industrial sector, as they promote environmental protection and sustainable development. The objective of this study was to assess phytotoxicity of different pulp industry sludge rates applied to two soils as soil amendment, based on their effects on seed germination and radicle elongation of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and common wheat (Triticum