Mientras que en Uruguay el principal desarrollo en producción orgánica ha estado centrado en la ganadería, vinculada a una tradición agrícola y a la facilidad de implementar este sistema, en Paraguay la agricultura orgánica se concentra en la producción de azúcar orgánica. Sin embargo, en ambos países existe alto potencial de desarrollo de hortalizas, las que en la actualidad alcanzan 300 ha certificadas orgánicas en Uruguay, y alrededor de 1.000 ha de hortalizas y frutas cultivadas orgánicamente en Paraguay. ----- CONTENIDO:Introducción.

This chapter documents the joint private-public funding of agricultural research in Uruguay, where farmers pay a levy on agricultural production that is matched one for one by the government. A greatly increased involvement of farmers and other stakeholders in research decision making at all levels has been an integral part of this funding partnership. The partnership was accompanied by a major reform of the organization and management of the principal agricultural research organization of Uruguay, which was converted into an autonomous public agency run on private lines.

ABSTRACT:Selection of pecan cultivars and their pollinizers is essential to reach maximum potential of production. Synchrony of blooming periods of cultivars may not be enough to ensure nut quality because of the xenia effect. This study aimed at evaluating effects of different pollinizers on dimensions and yields of fruit borne by cultivars Kiowa and Barton. Both cultivars were submitted to six treatments. Kiowa:no pollination, free pollination, self-pollination and pollination controlled by pollen from cultivars Cape Fear, Pawnee and Desirable.

Purpose: Mandarin is a relevant citrus crop in Uruguay both in terms of yield and area. This study is aimed at assessing the environmental impacts of mandarin cultivation in the country to identify the environmental hotspots. Temporal variability is assessed by considering six harvest seasons and site specificity by developing a regionalized inventory using a Tier 3 to estimate nitrogen on-field emissions. Also, the effect of regionalizing specific impact categories is analyzed. Methods: A cradle-to-farm gate assessment was carried out based on mass and area functional units.

Purpose:Mandarin is a relevant citrus crop in Uruguay both in terms of yield and area. This study is aimed at assessing the environmental impacts of mandarin cultivation in the country to identify the environmental hotspots. Temporal variability is assessed by considering six harvest seasons and site specificity by developing a regionalized inventory using a Tier 3 to estimate nitrogen on-field emissions. Also, the effect of regionalizing specific impact categories is analyzed. Methods:A cradle-to-farm gate assessment was carried out based on mass and area functional units.