Abstracts: Feed withdrawal ( FW ) is a frequent issue in open outdoor feedlot systems, where unexpected circumstances can limit the animals? access to food. The relationship among fasting period, animal behaviour during feed reintroduction ( FR ) and acidosis occurrence has not been completely elucidated. Twenty steers fitted with rumen catheters were fed a high-concentrate diet (concentrate : forage ratio 85 : 15) and were challenged by a protocol of FW followed by FR.

Abstract: We report State-and-Transition Models for Uruguayan grasslands built upon a methodological approach that objectively defined states/phases associated, a priori, to rangeland management. Such approach was based on randomly sampled areas corresponding to mapped grassland communities. Each sampled area matched a MODIS pixel. Vegetation structural indicators were recorded in every pixel. After a multivariate analysis, field observations were grouped according to similarities in terms of structure, and different "states" and "phases" were identified.

RESUMEN. El pastoreo es una perturbación importante en los ecosistemas de pastizales, ya que altera su estructura y su funcionamiento. Las micorrizas arbusculares son interacciones cosmopolitas de estos ecosistemas, y se destacan por su incidencia elevada en las gramíneas. Las micorrizas muestran respuestas diversas y contradictorias al pastoreo (ser beneficiadas, perjudicadas o no ser afectadas). Una posible hipótesis es que cada componente del pastoreo (defoliación selectiva, deyecciones y pisoteo) diferiría en su importancia relativa al afectar la micorrización.

Abstract: Aims:The Rio de la Plata grasslands are one of the largest areas of temperate humid and sub-humid grasslands of the world. A substantial fraction of these natural grasslands are preserved in Uruguay, occupying more than 60% of the country. So far, Uruguayan grasslands have been indirectly classified using only geomorphological and edaphic criteria. An adequate description of vegetation heterogeneity is a prerequisite to study ecosystem function and to design management and conservation strategies for this region.

Abstract: Aims: The Rio de la Plata grasslands are one of the largest areas of temperate humid and sub-humid grasslands of the world. A substantial fraction of these natural grasslands are preserved in Uruguay, occupying more than 60% of the country. So far, Uruguayan grasslands have been indirectly classified using only geomorphological and edaphic criteria. An adequate description of vegetation heterogeneity is a prerequisite to study ecosystem function and to design management and conservation strategies for this region.

Abstract: Sarcocystis spp. are causative agents of bovine eosinophilic myositis and/or myocarditis, which are chronic subclinical myopathies that are occasionally responsible for condemnation at slaughterhouses. Sarcocystis cruzi is a protozoan parasite of worldwide distribution transmitted by canids, most commonly associated with subclinical infection in cattle. Although S. cruzi infections can rarely lead to fatal systemic disease, fatal cardiac cases with confirmation of the etiologic diagnosis have not been reported, to our knowledge. We describe herein an unusual case of S.

Abstract: Stink bugs are pests of economic importance of extensive crops (commodities) in the Neotropics, particularly in Southern South America. They are abundant, have a broad geographical distribution, and cause severe damage. Main species include the Neotropical brown-stink bug, Euschistus heros (F.), the red-banded stink bug, Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood), the Southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.), the green-belly stink bugs, Dichelops furcatus (F.), and D. melacanthus (Dallas), and the brown-winged stink bug, Edessa meditabunda (F.).

Abstract: Sustainability science recognizes the importance of the integrated assessment of the ecological and social systems in land-use planning. However, most studies so far have been conceptual rather than empirical. We developed a framework to characterize the social-ecological systems heterogeneity according to its functioning through the identification of social?ecological functional types (SEFT).

Abstract: Sustainability science recognizes the importance of the integrated assessment of the ecological and social systems in land-use planning. However, most studies so far have been conceptual rather than empirical. We developed a framework to characterize the social-ecological systems heterogeneity according to its functioning through the identification of social?ecological functional types (SEFT).

ABSTRACT. Mealybug wilt of pineapple (MWP) disease has been associated with the infection by a complex of ampeloviruses (Pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus 1 (PMWaV-1), PMWaV-2, PMWaV-3, PMWaV-4 and PMWaV-5)) (Closteroviridae) and badnaviruses (Pineapple bacilliform CO virus (PBCOV) and Pineapple bacilliform ER virus (PBERV) (Caulimoviridae)). In Cuba, PMWaV-1, PMWaV-2, PMWaV-3 and PBCOV are widespread in commercial pineapple fields, but the association of these viruses with the aetiology of the disease remains unknown.